The paper “Bayesian optimization-based calibration of 3D discrete element models from shake table test data” authored by Stefano De Santis and Florin Cristinel Stan has been puslihed on the Engineering Structures Journal. Free download is possible through the following link.
The paper presents a Bayesian optimization-based method to calibrate DE models using measured data. The approach is applied to a scaled prototype of a Roman Obelisk tested on a shake table. Stiffness and friction angle of non-linear springs at contacts, and mass-proportional Rayleigh damping, were calibrated to match experimental displacements and frequencies.
The paper can be cited as follows:
De Santis S, Stan FC. Bayesian optimization-based calibration of 3D discrete element models from shake table test data. Engineering Structures 2026;366:123379. DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2026.123379.